AllFreeCalculator

One Rep Max Calculator

Estimate your 1RM from a submaximal set using Epley and Brzycki, with a full percentage table for programming.

Estimated one rep max

Epley

weight × (1 + reps/30)

Brzycki

weight × 36 / (37 − reps)

Training percentages (of average 1RM)

% of 1RM Weight Approx. reps

For general information only, not medical advice. Sustainable, gradual targets work best. Consult a doctor or registered dietitian for personal guidance, especially if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

What the one rep max calculator does

The one rep max calculator estimates the heaviest weight you could lift for a single repetition, based on a set you have already done. Instead of risking a true maximal attempt, you enter a submaximal set — say 225 lb for 5 reps — and the tool predicts your 1RM using the two most established equations, Epley and Brzycki. It then builds a percentage table so you can program your training loads without re-testing.

The two formulas

Epley: 1RM = weight × (1 + reps ÷ 30)

Brzycki: 1RM = weight × 36 ÷ (37 − reps)

Both were derived from real lifting data and agree closely at low rep counts. Epley drifts slightly higher as reps increase; Brzycki slightly lower. For a 5-rep set they typically land within a couple of percent of each other, which is why averaging them — as the headline number here does — is a sensible, balanced estimate.

Why fewer reps means a better estimate

These formulas were built from heavy, low-rep sets, so they are most accurate from about 2 to 8 reps. Once you go beyond 10 reps, muscular endurance starts to dominate over pure strength, and the prediction gets shaky — a person who can do 20 reps at a given weight might have a very different true max than the formula suggests. For the most reliable estimate, test with a hard set of 3 to 5 reps.

How to use the percentage table

Strength programs almost always prescribe load as a percentage of 1RM: maybe 5×5 at 80%, or a heavy single at 95%, or speed work at 60%. The table converts your estimated max into actual working weights at every 5% step, with rough rep guidance alongside. That lets you run programs like 5/3/1, Starting Strength progressions or any percentage-based block straight from your estimate.

Strength standards in perspective

One-rep maxes are personal, but rough benchmarks help. A common intermediate goal for the "big three" lifts is a bodyweight bench press, 1.5× bodyweight squat and 2× bodyweight deadlift, though these vary widely by sex, age, limb length and training history. Progress matters far more than comparison — track your estimated 1RM over months and aim for a steady upward trend.

Train safely

Estimating beats max-testing for most people, especially beginners. When you do lift heavy, use proper warm-up sets, sound technique and a spotter or safety pins for bench and squat. If a rep grinds to a stop or your form breaks, that rep does not count toward a clean estimate. Pair strength work with adequate protein — see the protein calculator — and enough calories to recover, via the calorie calculator.

Frequently asked questions

What is a one rep max?

Your one-rep max (1RM) is the heaviest weight you can lift for a single complete repetition of an exercise. It is the standard measure of maximal strength and the basis for percentage-based training programs.

How is 1RM estimated without testing?

Formulas predict 1RM from a submaximal set. Epley: 1RM = weight × (1 + reps/30). Brzycki: 1RM = weight × 36 / (37 − reps). Both are accurate within a few percent for sets of about 2 to 10 reps; accuracy drops as reps climb higher.

Which formula is more accurate?

They are very close. Epley tends to estimate slightly higher at higher reps, Brzycki slightly lower. For low reps (1 to 5) they nearly agree. Using the average of the two, as this calculator shows, is a reasonable middle ground.

How many reps should I use for the estimate?

The fewer reps the more accurate, because the formulas were derived from heavy sets. A set of 3 to 5 reps gives the best prediction. Sets above 10 reps involve endurance and the estimate becomes less reliable.

What are the training percentages for?

Programs prescribe loads as a percentage of 1RM — for example 5 reps at 80%, or 3 reps at 90%. The percentage table turns your estimated 1RM into working weights so you can plan sessions without re-testing your max.

Is testing a true 1RM safe?

For experienced lifters with good technique and a spotter, occasional 1RM testing is fine. For beginners it is safer to estimate from a 3 to 5 rep set — you get nearly the same information without the injury risk of a maximal single.

Worked example

You bench press 225 lb for 5 reps.

  • Epley: 225 × (1 + 5/30) = 225 × 1.1667 = 262.5 lb
  • Brzycki: 225 × 36 / (37 − 5) = 225 × 36 / 32 = 253.1 lb
  • Average estimated 1RM: ~258 lb
  • 80% working weight: 0.80 × 258 = ~206 lb (good for sets of ~8)
  • 90% working weight: 0.90 × 258 = ~232 lb (good for sets of ~4)

So a lifter who hits 225×5 can reasonably program their next heavy triples around 230 lb and their volume work around 205 lb — no risky max attempt required.

Related calculators